A novel joint parameter estimation method based on fractional ambiguity function in bistatic multiple-input multiple-output radar system

• A new signal model for parameter estimation of the target in bistatic MIMO radar is proposed.
• The fractional ambiguity function is utilized to estimate Doppler frequency parameters in the FRFT domain.
• Two sub-array models are constructed based on the peak of the fractional cross-ambiguity function.
• Two new algorithms referred to as FCAF-MUSIC and FCAF-ESPRIT are proposed to estimate the DOA and DOD.

Due to the three dimensional motion characteristics of the target, the received scattering signal often contains a cubic term in its phase function. The existing signal model is not appropriate to approximate parameters in this case. In this paper, we propose a new signal model to accurately estimate parameters of the target. We use a novel approach, the fractional ambiguity function, to estimate Doppler frequency parameters in the fractional Fourier transform domain. Furthermore, we also develop two sub-array models to accurately estimate the direction-of-departure and direction-of-arrival by employing the proposed fractional cross-ambiguity function based MUSIC (FCAF-MUSIC) algorithm and the fractional cross-ambiguity function based ESPRIT (FCAF-ESPRIT) algorithm. Simulation results are presented to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.

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