A two-dimensional circumplex approach to the development of a hacker taxonomy

The current paper extends the earlier taxonomy framework of the author [Rogers M. Psychology of hackers: steps toward a new taxonomy. Retrieved October 15, 2001 from ; 1999], and provides a preliminary two-dimensional classification model. While there is no one generic profile of a hacker, studies indicate that there are at least eight primary classification variables: Novices (NV), Cyber-Punks (CP), Internals (IN), Petty Thieves (PT), Virus Writers (VW), Old Guard hackers (OG), Professional Criminals (PC), and Information Warriors (IW), and two principal components, skill and motivation. Due to the complex nature and interactions of these variables and principal components, the traditional one-dimensional continuum is inadequate for model testing. A modified circular order circumplex is presented as an alternative method for developing a preliminary hacker taxonomy. The paper discusses the importance of developing an understanding of the hacker community and the various sub-groups. Suggestions for future research are also discussed.