National e-ID card schemes: A European overview

Across Europe electronic identity (e-ID) card schemes are emerging. The motivation for their deployment varies from country to country, and hence also their ability to interoperate. National schemes are defined by government agencies and application usage by non-government entities has been limited. Changes are occurring, however, both in terms of secondary use by the private sector as well as various activities to enable more interoperability across national e-ID card schemes.