Resource allocation based on DEA and modified Shapley value

In this paper, we design characteristic functions based on DEA (data envelopment analysis) efficiency, and propose a modified Shapley value to solve the resource allocation problem in a fair way, which deals with a set of comparable and homogeneous DMUs (decision making units). In addition, we establish a new Gini coefficient to reflect the fairness of resource allocation plan, by regarding the DEA efficiency and resource portion allocated to each DMU as service unit and equity unit, respectively. Numerical examples are presented to illustrate the proposed approach. The examples show that our allocation approach is the most equitable one compared with other existing approaches.