Experimental signatures of extreme optical fluctuations in lumped Raman fiber amplifiers

In this work, we experimentally investigate several temporal and spectral methods to highlight extreme fluctuations which can develop during the Raman amplification of an ultrashort pulse train. Forward and backward pumping schemes are compared to dual pass configurations.

► We use several methods to highlight extreme fluctuations in Raman fiber amplifier.
► Forward and backward pumping schemes are compared to dual pass configurations.
► In a co-propagating scheme, the output pulse train is drastically affected.