Real-time seizure prediction using RLS filtering and interpolated histogram feature based on hybrid optimization algorithm of Bayesian classifier and Hunting search

• We propose a density-based real-time seizure prediction algorithm based on a trained offline seizure detection algorithm.
• A novel feature based on polynomial model of interpolated normalized histogram is proposed.
• The optimal features are selected using a hybrid optimization algorithm based on Bayesian classifier and Hunting search.
• Enhanced RLS filter estimates EEG signal sample-by-sample and filtering parameters are tuned by density-based signal tracking.
• We predict 6.64 seconds of future samples and the seizure signal, with accuracy rate of 86.56% and precision rate of 86.53%.

Background and objectivesEpileptic seizure prediction using EEG signal analysis is an important application for drug therapy and pediatric patient monitoring. Time series estimation to obtain the future samples of EEG signal has vital role for detecting seizure attack. In this paper, a novel density-based real-time seizure prediction algorithm based on a trained offline seizure detection algorithm is proposed.MethodsIn the offline seizure detection procedure, after signal preprocessing, histogram-based statistical features are extracted from signal probability distribution. By defining a deterministic polynomial model on the normalized histogram, a novel syntactic feature that is named Interpolated Histogram Feature (IHF) is proposed. Moreover, with this feature, Seizure Distribution Model (SDM) as a descriptor of the seizure and non-seizure signals is presented. By using a novel hybrid optimization algorithm based on Bayesian classifier and Hunting Search (HuS) algorithm, the optimal features are selected. To detect the seizure attacks in the online mode, a Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) classifier is trained with the optimal features in the offline procedure. For online prediction, the enhanced Recursive Least Square (RLS) filter is applied to estimate sample-by-sample of the EEG signal. Also, a density-based signal tracking scenario is introduced to update and tune the parameters of RLS filtering algorithm.ResultsOur prediction algorithm is evaluated on 104 hours of EEG signals recorded from 23 pediatric patients. Our online signal prediction algorithm provides the accuracy rate of 86.56% and precision rate of 86.53% simultaneously using the trained MLP classifier from the offline mode. The recall rate of seizure prediction is 97.27% and the false prediction rate of 0.00215 per hour is achieved as well. Ultimately, the future samples of EEG signal are estimated, and the time of seizure signal prediction is also converged to 6.64 seconds.ConclusionIn our proposed real-time algorithm, by implementing a density-based signal tracking scenario, the future samples of signal with suitable time is predicted and the seizure is detected based on the optimal features from the IHF and histogram-based statistical features with acceptable performance.