Energy Efficient Approach for Surveillance Applications Based on Self Organized Wireless Sensor Networks

Surveillance applications based on Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are energy consumption sensitive. Such applications require low energy consumption in order to extend network lifetime. In this paper, we are interested in event detection around strategic sites (e.g., oil or military sites). We propose energy efficient approach which consists of identifying and using network boundary nodes as sentries, i.e., they are always in active mode and are responsible of detecting events, sending and relaying alert messages to the sink. Remaining nodes are used as relay nodes only. They alternate between active and sleep modes in order to reduce energy consumption. Simulation results show that our approach increases significantly network lifetime and provides an acceptable percentage of alerts delivered to the sink.