Potential of attached sunspaces in winter season comparing different technological choices in Central and Southern Europe

Step 1 examines heating demand (Heating Degree Days - HDD) and total solar radiation on a horizontal plane for each location. HDD was assumed as an indicator of the heating demand at different base temperatures (20 ± 2 °C), while total winter solar radiation is considered as a general indicator of the “virtual” heating potential of attached sunspaces. Both calculations are based on a typical meteorological year (TMY). Step 2 is based on energy dynamic simulations of a sample building in order to analyse heating energy reduction caused by an attached sunspace on a monthly basis. Different technological choices were taken into account for both sunspaces and building envelopes in order to identify the best local solutions for passive heating as regards energy consumption in a set of 50 selected locations. Considerations and potential maps are reported to help designers optimise the applicability of sunspaces according to local climatic conditions and building technologies. Finally, the summer performances and the potential cooling demand reduction by shading and natural ventilation of sunspaces are analysed.