Enhancing antenna performance and SAR reduction by a conductive composite loaded with carbon-silica hybrid filler

In this paper, we describe a technique for reducing the specific absorption rate (SAR) and human effects on antenna performance, based on combined use of rubber conductive composite loaded with carbon-silica hybrid filler used like a single director and a resonant half wave dipole. The finite-difference time-domain method was used to evaluate SAR and antenna performance for different antenna-composite configurations and distances. Bandwidth, gain, and radiation efficiency for different antenna-composite configurations were compared. It was found that the presence of a conductive composite loaded with carbon-silica hybrid filler can effectively reduce maximum SAR value (up to 70%) in a human head model, increasing the radiation efficiency (up to 67%) and the bandwidth (up to 110%) of the antenna.