X-FEM explicit dynamics for constant strain elements to alleviate mesh constraints on internal or external boundaries

This paper deals with the use of the extended Finite Element Method (X-FEM) for rapid dynamic problems. To solve the equations of motion, a common technique is the explicit direct integration with a Newmark scheme. Since this temporal scheme is only conditionally stable, the critical time step must be determined. It is generally induced by mesh constraints. The idea of the paper is to weaken constraints on mesh generation algorithms so that the critical time step is as large as possible. Using the X-FEM one allows a non-conformity between mesh and discontinuities such as cracks, holes or interfaces. In a first part, we present a summary about direct integration schemes and about the eXtended Finite Element Method. Then, we focus on the theoretical description of a 1D X-FEM finite element and its generalization to 2D and 3D finite elements. Then, dynamic numerical simulations are shown. They concern structures under impact with holes or external boundaries not exactly matched by the mesh. Comparisons are made with numerical results coming from the ABAQUS software. It shows that developments are satisfactory. We conclude with some outlooks concerning this work.