کد مقاله | کد نشریه | سال انتشار | مقاله انگلیسی | نسخه تمام متن |
---|---|---|---|---|
4996382 | 1459798 | 2016 | 20 صفحه PDF | دانلود رایگان |
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
Evaluation of alternatives for the evolution of palm oil mills into biorefineries
ترجمه فارسی عنوان
ارزیابی جایگزین برای تکامل گیاهان روغن نخل به کارخانجات زباله
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کلمات کلیدی
موضوعات مرتبط
مهندسی و علوم پایه
مهندسی شیمی
تکنولوژی و شیمی فرآیندی
چکیده انگلیسی
Six alternatives for the conversion of an average Colombian palm oil mill (30 t hâ1 of fresh fruit bunches (FFB) into biorefineries were evaluated. The alternatives studied were: (C1) Production of biogas from the Palm Oil Mill Effluents (POME), (C2) Composting of empty fruit bunches (EFB) and fiber, (C3) Biomass combustion for high pressure steam combined heat and power, (C4) Pellets production, (C5) Biochar production and, (C6) Biochar and bio-oil production. The available biomass could result in up to 125 kWh of electricity, 207 kg of compost, 125 kg of pellet, 44 kg of biochar and 63 kg of bio-oil per metric ton of FFB. The global warming potential (GWP), eutrophication potential (EP), net energy ratio (NER), capital expenditures (CAPEX), operational costs (OPEX), net present value (NPV) and internal rate of return (IRR) were calculated for all the alternatives. GHG reductions of more than 33% could be achieved. Anaerobic digestion and composting contributed to 30% reduction of the EP. The CAPEX for all of the biorefinery alternatives studied varies between 0.7 $ tâ1 and 2.8 $ tâ1 of FFB. The OPEX varies between 1.6 $ tâ1 and 7.3 $ tâ1 of FFB. The NPV for viable scenarios ranged between 2.5 million and 13.9 million US dollars. The IRR calculated varied between 3% and 56% and the payback periods were between 3 and 8 years. The total extra incomes reached values up to 15.2 $ tâ1 of FFB. Overall the pellets production biorefinery was the preferred alternative.
ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: Biomass and Bioenergy - Volume 95, December 2016, Pages 310-329
Journal: Biomass and Bioenergy - Volume 95, December 2016, Pages 310-329
نویسندگان
Jesus Alberto Garcia-Nunez, Deisy Tatiana Rodriguez, Carlos Andrés Fontanilla, Nidia Elizabeth Ramirez, Electo Eduardo Silva Lora, Craig Stuart Frear, Claudio Stockle, James Amonette, Manuel Garcia-Perez,