Determination of pressure data from velocity data with a view towards its application in cardiovascular mechanics. Part 2: A study of aortic valve stenosis

This paper is Part 2 of a study of blood flow across cardiovascular stenoses. In Part 1, we developed a rigorous mathematical approach for deriving a pressure field from experimental data for a velocity field that can be obtained by direct measurement. In this Part, existing methods for quantifying stenoses, with specific reference to cardiac valves, are reviewed. Using the mathematically rigorous and physically accurate approach that we developed in Part 1, for a pre-specified flow velocity field proximal to the stenosis and pressure waveform field distal to the stenosis, we ascertain the intro-stenosis and distal flow velocity field, pressure field proximal and within the stenosis, and energy dissipation, all as function of position and time. The computed dissipation, kinetic energy and pressure are then presented in an idealized geometry, but with realistic geometry, with a symmetric stenosis.