Peak power demand reduction for combined manufacturing and HVAC system considering heat transfer characteristics

- Manufacturing system and HVAC system in the plant are jointly considered.
- The heat transfer of manufacturing system and HVAC system are analytically modeled.
- Peak power consumption can be significantly reduced.
- Optimal schedule for the combined system is identified.

The industrial sector is one of the main drivers in the continuously rising electricity demand in the United States. Electricity Demand Response is an effective demand side management tool for reducing power demand especially during peak periods. However, according to the Energy Information Administration (EIA), the actual peak load reduction by the industrial sector is much lower than its potential target. Within a typical industrial manufacturing plant, the two main energy consumers are the manufacturing system and the heating ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) system. In this paper, we introduce a method to reduce the power demand during peak periods using an HVAC working load model that considers manufacturing heat sources. The effect of the manufacturing operation on the indoor temperature and the HVAC working load is quantified by considering the heat transfer characteristics of the machines in the manufacturing system. A mathematical model is formulated using mixed integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) and solved using General Algebraic Modeling (GAMS). An optimal schedule for the manufacturing operation and control scheme for the HVAC temperature setpoints that can minimize the power demand during peak periods under the constraint of production target is identified. A numerical case study is used to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.