Two dimensional numerical and experimental models for the study of structure–soil–structure interaction involving three buildings

• We model the dynamic interactions through ground of closely spaced buildings.
• We validate this model with experimental shake table tests.
• We explore the beneficial and adverse system geometries.
• Central buildings flanked by adjacent taller buildings are adversely effected.

This paper explores the adverse and beneficial effects of structure–soil–structure interaction (SSSI) under seismic excitation on a group of three buildings. A simple discrete formulation of the problem is employed that uses rotational interaction springs between buildings. A physical experimental shake-table test program is used to qualitatively validate the discrete theoretical model. Subsequently, a numerical study is performed which demonstrates that the central building in a three building case can act as a tuned mass damper for its adjacent buildings. Results indicated that this adverse effect can be more pronounced than the case where there are just two buildings interacting.