An efficient pp-version multigrid solver for fast hierarchical vector finite element analysis

In this paper, a kind of p-type multigrid (MG) method is applied to solve the large sparse linear systems arising from the application of hierarchical tangential vector finite element method (TVFEM) for the analysis of electromagnetic devices. Several waveguide problems are analyzed and our numerical results show that the p-type MG method can greatly save iterations and CPU time when compared with the preconditioned conjugate gradient iterative methods.