A lattice Boltzmann algorithm for calculation of the laminar jet diffusion flame

A new two-distribution lattice Boltzmann equation (LBE) algorithm is presented to solve the laminar diffusion flames within the context of Burke–Schumann flame sheet model. One distribution models the transport of the Schvab–Zeldovich coupling function, or the mixture fraction to combine the energy and species equations. The other distribution models the quasi-incompressible Navier–Stokes equations with the low Mach number approximation. In the quasi-incompressible flows, the thermodynamics quantities depend on the coupling function but not on the hydrodynamic pressure, and the fluid components are assumed to be compressible only in the mixing/reaction region. A systematic and consistent approach to deriving LBEs for the general advection–diffusion equation and the quasi-incompressible Navier–Stokes equations are also presented. The streaming step of the LBEs are discretized by the total variation diminishing (TVD) Lax–Wendroff scheme. Numerical simulations are carried out to reproduce the low frequency flame oscillation (or flame flicker) of buoyant jet diffusion flame. Comparison between the quasi-incompressible model and the incompressible model is presented and the role of non-solenoidal velocity is examined.