کد مقاله | کد نشریه | سال انتشار | مقاله انگلیسی | نسخه تمام متن |
---|---|---|---|---|
5429625 | 1397362 | 2011 | 15 صفحه PDF | دانلود رایگان |
![عکس صفحه اول مقاله: Radiative effect differences between multi-layered and single-layer clouds derived from CERES, CALIPSO, and CloudSat data Radiative effect differences between multi-layered and single-layer clouds derived from CERES, CALIPSO, and CloudSat data](/preview/png/5429625.png)
Clouds alter general circulation through modification of the radiative heating profile within the atmosphere. Their effects are complex and depend on height, vertical structure, and phase. The instantaneous cloud radiative effect (CRE) induced by multi-layered (ML) and single-layer (SL) clouds is estimated by analyzing data collected by the Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observation (CALIPSO), CloudSat, and Clouds and Earth's Radiation Energy Budget System (CERES) missions from March 2007 through February 2008. The CRE differences between ML and SL clouds at the top of the atmosphere (TOA) and at the surface were also examined. The zonal mean shortwave (SW) CRE differences between the ML and SL clouds at the TOA and surface were positive at most latitudes, peaking at 120Â WÂ mâ2 in the tropics and dropping to â30Â WÂ mâ2 at higher latitudes. This indicated that the ML clouds usually reflected less sunlight at the TOA and transmitted more to the surface than the SL clouds, due to their higher cloud top heights. The zonal mean longwave (LW) CRE differences between ML and SL clouds at the TOA and surface were relatively small, ranging from â30 to 30Â WÂ mâ2. This showed that the ML clouds only increased the amount of thermal radiation at the TOA relative to the SL clouds in the tropics, decreasing it elsewhere. In other words, ML clouds tended to cool the atmosphere in the tropics and warm it elsewhere when compared to SL clouds. The zonal mean net CRE differences were positive at most latitudes and dominated by the SW CRE differences.
Research Highlights⺠Cloud vertical structure is a crucial factor in climate studies. ⺠Multi-layered clouds have a significant impact on CRE. ⺠Multi-layered clouds reflect less sunlight to the TOA than single-layer clouds. ⺠Multi-layered clouds transmit more light to the surface and within the atmosphere.
Journal: Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer - Volume 112, Issue 2, January 2011, Pages 361-375