Output Analysis of Stand-alone PV Systems: Modeling, Simulation and Control

A stand-alone PV system was studied, designed and simulated for an isolated mountain area in Romania. This PV system was developed for energy production, ensuring energy independence (electricity for lighting and supply of power for electric equipment with low consumption during a period of 70% from a year) of a house / chalet in an area where connection to the local grid is impossible or would require very high costs to developed electricity grid. A library of simple mathematical models for each element of such a stand-alone PV system, namely PV generator, battery, controller and load was established. The models of the PV system components are based on literature, but their implementation for analyses is developed using the MATLAB/Simulink software. It is discussed the interconnection of the subsystems and the performance of the PV system.