An integrated Model of Outdoor and Indoor Representation of Geographical Environment for Emergency Rescue Routing

Construction of smart city needs both macro and micro-spatial structures. This paper proposes a framework for integrated emergency routing system (IERS). This framework consists of an integrated outdoor and indoor Navigation Data Model (INDM) and DD* algorithm of emergency routing based on INDM. INDM is a 3D geometric network model (GNM) that represents pedestrian access or search and rescue route analysis within buildings or urban built-environments. An experimental implementation of scenario-based DD* algorithm analysis is presented in this paper. The result shows that the method developed in this paper is superior to Dijkstra algorithm in emergency rescue routing.