Evaluating camouflage design using eye movement data

• We compared existing camouflage designs using two common war field backgrounds.
• Camouflage effectiveness was evaluated using hit rate, detection time, and eye movement data.
• Detectability and discriminability were better measured with eye movement data.
• Eye movement data were shown to significantly enhance the analysis of camouflage design.

This study investigates the characteristics of eye movements during a camouflaged target search task. Camouflaged targets were randomly presented on two natural landscapes. The performance of each camouflage design was assessed by target detection hit rate, detection time, number of fixations on display, first saccade amplitude to target, number of fixations on target, fixation duration on target, and subjective ratings of search task difficulty. The results showed that the camouflage patterns could significantly affect the eye-movement behavior, especially first saccade amplitude and fixation duration, and the findings could be used to increase the sensitivity of the camouflage assessment. We hypothesized that the assessment could be made with regard to the differences in detectability and discriminability of the camouflage patterns. These could explain less efficient search behavior in eye movements. Overall, data obtained from eye movements can be used to significantly enhance the interpretation of the effects of different camouflage design.