Joint time-delay and frequency estimation using parallel factor analysis

In this paper, the problem of joint time-delay and frequency estimation of multiple sinusoidal signals received at two separated sensors is addressed. By formulating the estimation problem with the use of the parallel factor analysis framework, the corresponding state transition and observation matrices are updated in an iterative manner according to alternating least squares, from which the time-delay and frequencies are then estimated. Computer simulations are included to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.