Estimation of frequency offset using warped discrete-Fourier transform

In this paper, the problem of estimating a small frequency offset in a signal with a large carrier frequency is addressed. The warped discrete-Fourier transform (WDFT) [A. Makur, S.K. Mitra, IEEE Trans. Circuits Systems—I: Fundam. Theory Appl. 6 (9) (September 2001) 1086–1093] is used and the accuracy of estimation and computational complexity of this technique is compared with the conventional discrete-Fourier transform (DFT) and the nonuniform discrete-Fourier transform (NDFT). A numerical example is provided to illustrate the comparison.