کد مقاله | کد نشریه | سال انتشار | مقاله انگلیسی | نسخه تمام متن |
---|---|---|---|---|
5761596 | 1624658 | 2017 | 10 صفحه PDF | دانلود رایگان |
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
Improving crop yields, nitrogen use efficiencies, and profits by using mixtures of coated controlled-released and uncoated urea in a wheat-maize system
ترجمه فارسی عنوان
بهبود عملکرد محصول، بهره وری استفاده از نیتروژن و سود با استفاده از مخلوط اوره کنترل شده و بدون پوشش داده شده در سیستم گندم ذرت
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کلمات کلیدی
اوره، کنترل آزاد مزایای اقتصادی، بودجه نیتروژن، استفاده از نیتروژن بهره وری، چرخش گندم-ذرت،
موضوعات مرتبط
علوم زیستی و بیوفناوری
علوم کشاورزی و بیولوژیک
علوم زراعت و اصلاح نباتات
چکیده انگلیسی
The economic benefits of using controlled-release urea (CRU) on wheat and maize depend on costs and grain yields. Delays in the release of nitrogen (N) from CRUs can limit the availability of early season N and crop growth. Because of its high cost, the use of CRUs for wheat and maize production by commercial growers is very limited. We investigated the effects of a mixture of CRU and uncoated urea (N ratios 7:3, respectively) on crop yields, economic benefits, N budgets, and soil fertility in a wheat-maize rotation system over an 8-year period in Shandong Province, China. Annually, the mixture was applied at 270 kg N haâ1 (Mix 1), 540 kg N haâ1 (Mix 2), and 810 kg N haâ1 (Mix 3). Uncoated urea treatments were simultaneously applied at 540 kg N haâ1 (Urea 2) and 810 kg N haâ1 (Urea 3). The N release characteristics of these mixtures under field condition were synchronized with N requirements of the wheat and maize crops during their entire growth periods. Applying the mixture increased grain yields of wheat and maize by 8.2-11.9% and 6.8-9.8%, respectively, compared with treatments of monotypic, uncoated urea. Mean N use efficiencies were increased by 35.7-37.6% and 13.2-14.3% for wheat and maize, respectively, and annual net profits increased 15.4-21.8%, compared with uncoated urea treatments at the same rates of N application. Considering the N budget, apparent N losses were increased with higher N application rates, and applying the mixture significantly reduced N losses compared with monotypic urea. Regardless of application rate, the mixed urea treatments reduced the leaching of N in the soil profile by augmenting NO3â-N and NH4+-N contents at the 0-40 cm soil depth and reduced the leaching of NO3â-N into deeper soil layers. The pH of the surface soil was also lowered and exchangeable Ca2+ and Mg2+ were reduced by the long-term application of monotypic urea. In conclusion, applying the mixture of CRU and uncoated urea is recommended for sustainable increases in crops yields, maintaining soil fertility, reduction of N leaching, and increased net profits.
ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: Field Crops Research - Volume 205, April 2017, Pages 106-115
Journal: Field Crops Research - Volume 205, April 2017, Pages 106-115
نویسندگان
Wenkui Zheng, Zhiguang Liu, Min Zhang, Yuefeng Shi, Qiang Zhu, Yunbao Sun, Hongyin Zhou, Chengliang Li, Yuechao Yang, Jibiao Geng,