Surface modification strategies on mesoporous silica nanoparticles for anti-biofouling zwitterionic film grafting

• In this review, we described the various chemical strategies for grafting zwitterions based anti-biofouling film on mesoporous silica nanoparticles.
• We also give examples of the latest development in using zwitterionic films to create stealthy mesoporous silica nanoparticles oblivion towards protein adhesion.
• We had also described the pros and cons for each of the functionalization chemistry in order to provide better insights for the audience.

In the past decade, zwitterionic-based anti-biofouling layers had gained much focus as a serious alternative to traditional polyhydrophilic films such as PEG. In the area of assembling silica nanoparticles with stealth properties, the incorporation of zwitterionic surface film remains fairly new but considering that silica nanoparticles had been widely demonstrated as useful biointerfacing nanodevice, zwitterionic film grafting on silica nanoparticle holds much potential in the future. This review will discuss on the conceivable functional chemistry approaches, some of which are potentially suitable for the assembly of such stealth systems.

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