Strain- and sex-specific differences in daily flight activity and the circadian clock of Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes

► We compare the locomotor flight activity of M and S form Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes. ► Timing of swarming could underlie form-specific reproductive isolation. ► Male activity began and peaked earlier and had a shorter circadian period length than females. ► M form male mosquitoes have a pronounced build up in dusk flight activity relative to the S form. ► This pronounced difference appears driven by a differential response to light.