Experimental evidence that livestock grazing intensity affects the activity of a generalist predator

► We experimentally evaluate the impact of livestock grazing on vole density and fox activity. ► Grazing intensity had a strong negative effect on fox activity and vole density. ► Grazing did not change the relationship between predator and prey substantially. ► Fox patterns observed most likely reflect a response in individual behaviour. ► Results are important for predator conservation and grazing management in grasslands.