Small does not mean young: Age estimation of severely browsed trees in anthropogenic Mediterranean landscapes

► Browsed and dwarfed Z. abelicea individuals attain high ages (>500 yr). ► Tree age is highly correlated with circumference for dwarfed trees. ► Sexual reproduction of Z. abelicea is mainly influenced by browsing and not by age. ► Future conservation efforts should include both dwarfed and normally growing trees.