Novel opportunities for the exploitation of host-microbiome interactions in the intestine

- Metagenomic gut microbiome studies unravel core features and individual differences.
- Recent microbiome studies stimulate fecal microbiota transplantation exploitation.
- Development of synthetic stool mixtures and new probiotic strains looks appealing.
- Response to microbiota interventions will largely depend on MAMP-PRR interactions.
- Knowledge on genetic PRR variation could predict responsive subpopulations.