In situ vadose zone bioremediation

- In situ bioremediation of the unsaturated zone targets a variety of inorganic and organic pollutants.
- The characteristic diffusion length of reactive gases such as oxygen scales separation of aerobic and anaerobic subsurface.
- Biostimulation of aerobic and anaerobic processes are feasible.
- Bioaugmentation is limited to surface soils and/or fractures.
- Stable isotopes and molecular biological techniques are new complementary tools for monitoring.