One-way, two-way and four-way coupled LES predictions of a particle-laden turbulent flow at high mass loading downstream of a confined bluff body

► Four-way coupled Euler-Lagrange LES predictions with a deterministic collision model. ► Confined particle-laden turbulent bluff-body flow with moderate and high mass loading. ► Influence of fluid-particle interaction (2-way) and inter-particle collisions (4-way). ► Evaluation of the particle collision frequency times the particle relaxation time. ► Good agreement of LES results with experimental data of Borée et al. (2001).