BVCM: A comprehensive and flexible toolkit for whole system biomass value chain analysis and optimisation - Mathematical formulation

The BVCM is a spatio-temporal model: currently it is configured for the UK using 157 square cells of length 50 km and the planning horizon is from the 2010s to the 2050s, with seasonal variations considered. The framework is data-driven so the model can be easily extended: for example adding new resources, technologies, transport modes, etc. or changing the time horizon and the location to another country is only a matter of changing the data. Results of example UK case studies are presented to demonstrate the functionality of the model.