Optimal power flow and PGU capacity of CCHP systems using a matrix modeling approach

► We model and optimize the CCHP system using a comprehensive matrix approach. ► The objective function considers energy consumption, cost and GHG emissions. ► Equality constraint for the optimization problem guarantees no energy waste. ► PGU capacity is optimized under the proposed operation strategy. ► The proposed operation strategy performs much better than FEL and FTL.