Linear scheduling with multiple crews based on line-of-balance and productivity scheduling method with singularity functions

Scheduling repetitive work by multiple crews is a typical mission for schedulers, who must arrange the productivity, number, and size of crews and their lead or lag. Currently, the Linear Scheduling Method (LSM) and Line-of-Balance (LOB) can analyze repetitive work. These two related methods possess virtues, but lack a unified theory so that they could complement each other. Therefore, this paper explores a new approach. Its contribution to the body of knowledge is threefold: First, dissimilarities in activity representation, start point, and velocity measurement are reviewed and their causes are explained graphically and mathematically. Second, multiple crews are expressed with singularity functions in a three-part model-crew assignment, crew utilization, and crew linear schedule. The model is automatically updated when parameters are modified for “what-if” analyses. Third, LSM and LOB are united so that crews can be optimized seamlessly. This research advances theory on deploying multiple crews on construction projects.