A methodology for estimating the life-cycle carbon efficiency of a residential building

► The life-cycle carbon efficiency of a residential building is proposed to link its carbon emission and value creation. ► The life-cycle carbon emission of a residential building is estimated on the basis of consumed energy and resources at each stage. ► The product of service life span (in year), building area (m2) and storey height (m) is adopted to represent the life-cycle value of a residential building.