Thermal comfort standards, measured internal temperatures and thermal resilience to climate change of free-running buildings: A case-study of hospital wards

► Temperatures in hospital wards with a hybrid ventilation strategy are measured. ► The BSEN15251 thermal comfort standard provides a framework for assessing thermal comfort. ► Likely temperatures in typical and thermally extreme current and future climates are predicted. ► Fans may substantially improve resilience to climate change even in thermally extreme years. ► The methodology can be used to assess the thermal resilience of other free-running building types.