Buildings energy consumption generation gap: A post-occupancy assessment in a case study of three higher education buildings

The existing stock of institutional buildings constructed before current thermal regulations is known to be high energy-consuming. In several cases, they contribute to a large share in local authorities' expenses, especially for those dedicated to education and research. These high consumption levels are due in general to low thermal regulations requirements and to the diversity of occupants, occupancy profiles and used equipment. We hereby report on a comparative study of the energy consumption of three campus buildings covering more than 50,000 m2 useful ground area and located in Paris region. Used data were collected during more than three years between 2014 and 2017 and at different time steps, from yearly down to a 10 min time step. Statistical analysis tools are used, to identify the main energy drivers and their relative weight in the overall energy consumption for instance. The impact of different thermal regulations is clearly assessed through a post-occupancy study. Together with equipment, occupancy is shown to be the main electric energy consumption driver. Introduced tools lay the ground for a non-intrusive method for large tertiary buildings' power demand curves decomposition and reconstruction.