Long-term analysis of two GSHP systems using validated numerical models and proposals to optimize the operating parameters

An analysis, which was compared to two analytical approaches available in the literature, was carried out using a detailed numerical model. The effects of improved load balancing of the ground load profile and of a higher number of boreholes on seasonal oscillations and on the thermal drift were investigated. The results showed that rebalancing the ratio between the heat extracted from and injected into the ground led to better results from an energetic viewpoint almost certainly synonymous with an energetic-economic optimization.