Congestion management in restructured power systems for smart cities in India

178Figure represents the optimal power flow (OPF) solution of an IEEE 14 bus test system with a TCSC at line-3 and a DG unit on load bus-14. The congestion management involving coordinating actions of TCSCs and DGs, which are placed simultaneously at their optimal location in the 14-bus test systems. In this figure, a DG2 and a TCSC have been placed at their optimal locations (TCSC at line-3 and DG at load bus 14) to relieve congestion in line-2 (connecting the bus-1 to bus-5). As a first step, the 10 MW DG2 is placed on load bus-14 as the best optimal location, and OPF solution is obtained, which shows that the congestion condition remains in line-2. As a second step, the TCSC is placed in line-3 at its best optimal location and the OPF solution for the system with both DG2 and TCSC are obtained. From OPF solutions, as shown in Fig. 1, it is evident that the congestion condition is relieved in line-2, while the MVA limit is below 1.0 p.u. This work could be helpful in creating a smart grid by relieving congestions of the transmission line with the objective of ensuring uninterruptible power supply to developing smart cities in India.