Energy efficient heterogeneous DEEC protocol for enhancing lifetime in WSNs

In this paper, we propose a 3-level heterogeneous network model for WSNs to enhance the network lifetime, which is characterized by a single parameter. Depending upon the value of the model parameter, it can describe 1-level, 2-level, and 3-level heterogeneity. Our heterogeneous network model also helps to select cluster heads and their respective cluster members by using weighted election probability and threshold function. We compute the network lifetime by implementing DEEC protocol for our network model. The DEEC implementation for the existing 1-level, 2-level, and 3-level heterogeneous network models are denoted as DEEC-1, DEEC-2, and DEEC-3, respectively, and for our proposed 3-level heterogeneous network model, the DEEC implementations are denoted as hetDEEC-1, hetDEEC-2, and hetDEEC-3, respectively. The network lifetime in DEEC-3 and hetDEEC-3 increases by 154.17% and 182.67%, respectively by increasing the total network energy 100% with respect to the original DEEC.