Miniaturized microstrip antenna array using defected ground structure with enhanced performance

The aim of this work is to obtain a miniaturized microstrip patch antenna array using defected ground structure (DGS) for S band at 2.2 GHz. Initially the patch antenna array designed at C band resonates at 5.2 GHz. The proposed DGS is integrated in the ground plane of the patch antenna array for size reduction. However, this miniaturization is at the cost of gain of the antenna. In order to improve the gain of this miniaturized radiator, the patch radiator is further modified to retain its radiation properties. Finally, the resonance frequency of an initial microstrip antenna array shifts from 5.2 GHz to 2.2 GHz and with better performance miniaturization up to 83% with respect to conventional microstrip antenna is successfully accomplished. A prototype of the antenna was fabricated with the RT-Duroid substrate. This technique is validated experimentally and measured results were in good agreement with simulated results.