Modeling school bus seat belt usage: Nested and mixed logit approaches

► Relative impacts of factors affecting school bus seat belts usage are quantified. ► This is the first study to consider improper wearing of seat belts. ► Correlation among choice alternatives is accounted for using a nested logit model. ► Individual-level heterogeneity is accounted for using a mixed logit model. ► Eight factors of student characteristics and trip properties are found significant.