Left-turn gap acceptance models considering pedestrian movement characteristics

► Pedestrian direction of movement significantly affects the left-turn lag/gap acceptance. ► Observed lag/gap acceptance probabilities are modeled using Cumulative Weibull distribution. ► Drivers accept short lags while being conservative about short gaps. ► Drivers accept shorter lags/gaps between near-side pedestrians compared to far side pedestrians. ► Conflicts occur at low pedestrian demand levels are more severe than those at high demand levels.