Modelling mixed lubrication for deep drawing processes

► Friction model developed for deep drawing process using micro-scale phenomena. ► Micro-scale phenomena are asperity deformation, mixed lubrication and ploughing. ► Asperity flattening process for normal loading and bulk straining is included. ► Contact model is used to derive film thickness for the mixed lubrication model. ► Mixed lubrication effects reduces the coefficient of friction.