Analysis of flow through lateral rectangular orifices in open channels

• We have revised the concept used by Ramamurthy et al. [14] in deriving the equations for flow through side orifice.
• Relationships for flow through side rectangular orifice were developed.
• Computed discharges using the proposed relationships are well within ±5% of observed discharge.
• The equation for coefficient of discharge given by Carballada [3] is modified.

A side lateral orifice in open channel is hydraulic control structure widely used in hydraulic, irrigation and environmental engineering for diverting the flow from main channel to a secondary channel. In this paper, analytical relationships for the discharge through side orifice are developed accounting for the pressure distribution over the area of the orifice. The computed discharges using the proposed relationship are within ±5% of the observed values; however percentage error is more in case the discharge is computed using earlier equations.

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