EVOLUTION OF CRUDE OIL OFFSHORE LOADING IN BRAZILIAN WATERS

This paper gives an overview on the oil exploitation in Brazilian waters, the operational aspects, and the experience to implement DP shuttle vessel operations. Besides that, the Shuttle Tankers (ST) basic requirements for Campos Basin conditions and the acceptance tests required by PETROBRAS, at the present time, are also presented. In addition, the authors make comparisons between converted and new building shuttle tankers, describing the pros and cons of each one. Naturally, the most cost effective alternative for the Campos Basin scenario is discussed.