Fully integrated wearable humidity sensor based on hydrothermally synthesized partially reduced graphene oxide

In this paper, partially reduced graphene oxide (PRGO) nanosheets were prepared by an environmentally friendly hydrothermal route and their morphology, structure and humidity sensing performance were investigated. The sensor structure with gold interdigitated electrodes was fabricated on flexible polyimide substrate via standard lithography technology. The integration of a commercial Bluetooth module enabled real-time wireless transmission of sensing data to the smart phone application. Characterization data showed a decrease in the amount of oxygen functional groups attached to the PRGO nanosheets when the hydrothermal reduction time was increased. It was found that the flexible PRGO-4h sensor exhibits impressive response and quick response/recovery times over a wide range of RH levels. According to the experimental results, the enhanced response of PRGO-4h is attributed to the considerable oxygen functional groups and the improved response/recovery times are attributed to the restoration of sp2 carbon network. The performance of sensor remained nearly unchanged under bending condition. Taking the advantage of fast response/recovery time and flexibility, the sensor can monitor human respiration in real time. This work demonstrates that the potential application of PRGO-4h as a sensitive material for indication of environmental humidity as well as future generation of wearable humidity sensors.