Electrochemical method for detecting ATP by 26S proteasome modified gold electrode

Electrochemical detection for adenosine-5'-triphosphate (ATP) is developed using a 26S proteasome modified gold electrode. In this method, the 26S proteasome is self-assembled onto the surface of a gold electrode, forming a 26S-gold electrode probe which can detect ATP. When the 26S-gold electrode reacts with a solution without ATP, the 26S proteasome on the electrode surface separates into 20S proteasome and PA700/19S subcomplexes, the properties of surface charges of 26S-gold electrode inhibiting electrolyte/electrode electron transmission. When ATP is present in the solution, the 26S proteasome self-assembles via ATP binding, the surface of 26S-gold electrode is turned into electroneutrality, and allows electrolyte/electrode electron transmission in proportion to the amount of ATP present. This mechanism is tested for electrochemical detection of ATP, with experimental results showing that the redox currents change with changing ATP concentrations in a linear fashion. ATP concentration can be determined over a range from 0.5 to 2.0 mM by linear sweep voltammetry. Moreover, the proposed method is successfully applied to the recognition and quantification of ATP in pig plasma.