Analysis of fracture processes in cortical bone tissue

► Variability of fracture toughness of cortical bone across cortices and for various directions. ► Role of underlying microstructure in variability of fracture toughness of cortical bone tissue. ► Difference of fracture-toughening mechanisms in cortical bone for various directions. ► X-FEM models for analysis of variability and anisotropy across cortices of bone tissue.