A control-oriented model for cold start operation of spark ignition engines

The use of mean value models in replicating the key characteristics of automotive powertrains has been well established. There has been considerable success in the application of these models to controller design, with improved emissions and performance the primary benefits. However, these low order models typically must make certain assumptions about the engine – with constant temperature operation a standard approach. As economy and emissions at every point in the drive cycle become scrutinised, the cold start operation of the engine becomes more critical and the constant temperature assumption is limiting. This paper seeks to develop an engine model framework for capturing the temperature transients and gaseous concentrations throughout the engine. It is intended for use in controller design and optimisation studies that incorporate the engine warm up period.