Helmut Krämer memorial lecture: Electrostatic assessment of products and processes – A view backwards and forwards

In the last few decades, electrostatic knowledge as laid down in standards and regulations has developed from lean national documents to two comprehensive international IEC documents with more than 200 pages together. In this paper, the development of the knowledge on the electrostatic assessment of products and processes is given as well as expected future trends. As the work of Helmut Krämer was focused on electrostatic hazards of solids and liquids, the emphasis of this paper is placed on this topic too. Additionally, a curriculum vitae of Helmut Krämer and his contribution to this development is given in an annex.